Media Goes Interactive
COMA205 — Week 7
Media Goes Interactive
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Baffle Ball introduced in 1931
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Humpty Dumpty introduced in
1947
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Considered the first coinoperated amusement game
First to use “flippers”
Spirit of ’76 introduced in 1976
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First to use digital scoring
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Tommy (1975)
https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=4AKbUm8GrbM
Media Goes Interactive
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The CRT Amusement Device
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Considered the first “video
game”
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Invented by Thomas
Goldsmith and Estle Ray
Mann in 1947
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Was entirely mechanical
Media Goes Interactive
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Bertie the Brain
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Built by Josef Kates and
Rogers Majestic in 1950
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Played tic-tac-toe
Nimrod
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Built by Ferranti Electronics
in 1951
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Played a basic math game
Media Goes Interactive
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In 1961, Martin Graetz, Steve Russell and Wayne
Wiitanen coded the first game, Spacewars
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Ran on the DEP minicomputer
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Accessible only to university and large corporation
employees
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Spawned other games, mostly simulators
Media Goes Interactive
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“Computer Space” was first
commercially produced, coinoperated video game released
in 1971
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Developers Nolan Bushnell
and Ted Dabny founded Atari
later that year
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“Pong” was released in 1972
and sold over 8,000 cabinets in
first year.
Media Goes Interactive
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The Magnavox Odyssey
released in September, 1972
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First “home” console that could
be played on a standard TV
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Sold over 100,000 units in first
three months
Pac-Man: The 1st Pop
Culture Icon
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Introduced in 1980
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Developed by NAMCO’s
Masaya Nakamura and
distributed by Midway Games
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Sold 350,000 cabinets within
18 months of release
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By 1982, the original Pac-Man
made more than $2.5 billion in
revenue (mostly quarters)
making it the highest grossing
video game of all-time
From Arcade to Living Room
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In 1976, Atari released the
VCS (Later known as the
2600)
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Became the best-selling
console, selling 1 million
consoles in first 18 months
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Released the 5200 in 1982
From Arcade to Living Room
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Introduction of personal
computers in early 1980s
caused heavy competition with
video game consoles
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Led to industry crash in 1983
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Console revenues dropped
nearly 95% in two years
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Atari was split up as a result
Video Games Go Mainstream
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Nintendo president Hiroshi
Yamauchi wanted to develop
an affordable game system
that required little to no
technical expertise
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Introduced the Famicom in
1983 in Japan
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Donkey Kong was first
“blockbuster” game
Video Games Go Mainstream
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Introduced the Nintendo
Entertainment System to North
America in 1985
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Marketed to kids and refrained
from any content that could be
deemed objectionable
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Used 8-bit processing to make
it more affordable
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Retailed from $179 (approx.
$450 today). Games started at
$29
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Had 17 titles available at release
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10-Yard Fight, Baseball, Clu Clu Land, Duck Hunt,
Excitebike, Golf, Gyromite, Hogan’s Alley, Ice Climber,
Kung Fu, Pinball, Soccer, Stack-Up, Tennis, Wild
Gunman, Wrecking Crew, and Super Mario Bros
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Sold 10 million consoles in first two years
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By 1990, 30% of US households owned an NES
It’s-a me, Mario!
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Mario Mario first appeared in
Donkey Kong as the character
“Jumpman.” Got his own
game, along with brother,
Luigi, in Mario Bros. in 1983
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Super Mario Bros. released in
1985 and became flagship
game for NES console
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Pioneer of the side-scrolling
gameplay format
It’s-a me, Mario!
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Mario brothers have spawned more
than 200 game titles
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More than 500 million “Mario” games
have been sold worldwide
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Also appeared in TV, movies and
comic books
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Franchise has earned over $26
billion, making it the highest
grossing video game franchise of all
time
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5th-most of any media franchise
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
AejiiEgLnIE
REFLECTION: Why were the
Mario Bros. able to achieve pop
culture icon status?
The 16-Bit Revolution
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Sega Genisis, then known as the
Mega Drive, released in the US in
1989
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Billed as the anti-Nintendo
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“Genesis does what
Nintendon’t”
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Took a loss on console sales and
made most of its revenue through
licensing to third parties
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Initial success came from sports
games like “Madden Football”
Super Sonic
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Sonic the Hedgehog released
in 1991
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Flagship of the Sega brand
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Spawned numerous sequels,
TV shows
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Franchise has sold 360
million games
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Grossed over $5 billion in
sales
Finish Him!!!
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Mortal Kombat released in 1992
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Originally developed to be the
video game counterpart to Jean
Claude Van Damme’s Universal
Soldier movie
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Popularized the fighting game
genre
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Known for graphic violence and
“finishing moves”
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Spawned six sequels, multiple film
and TV series
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Franchise has grossed over $9.5
billion all-time
The 16-Bit Revolution
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Super NES launched in August
1991
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Advanced processor could
emulate 3D effects with a
palette of 32,768 colors
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Initial shipment of 300,000
consoles sold out in hours
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By 1992, 20 million consoles
had been sold
Rainbow Road
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Mario Kart released in 1992
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Popularized multiplayer
racing games
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Spawned 13 sequels
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Sold over 100 million games
worldwide
Video Games & Morality
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ESRB rating system went into effect in 1994
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In 1996, US Senator Joe Leiberman held hearings regarding
possible harmful effects of video games
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In 1999, Columbine High shooters Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold
likened their killing spree to the game, Doom
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In 2001, US Surgeon General David Satcher condemned video
game violence
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“We clearly associate media violence to aggressive behavior. But
the impact was very small compared to other things. Some may
not be happy with that, but that’s where the science is.”
REFLECTION: What effects, if
any, does violent content have
on children?
The Console Battles
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Advances in microprocessing and economic incentives led to
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Sega Saturn (1995)
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Sony Playstation (1995)
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First to introduce 32-bit processors
Sold over 100 million consoles
Nintendo 64 (1997)
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First to introduce 4-player gameplay and true 3D rendering
The Console Battles
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Sega Dreamcast (1999)
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Sony PS2 (1999)
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Best-selling console of all time with over 150 million units
Nintendo GameCube (2001)
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Only 9.3 million consoles sold. Financial losses led to Sega leaving console
market
First to introduce online gaming through ethernet port
Microsoft XBox (2001)
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Introduced online broadband gaming for massive multiplayer games
Massive Multiplayer Online
Role Playing Games
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Warcraft
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Franchise began in 1994
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Gained mass popularity with
MMORPG World of Warcraft
in 2001
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First video game to
successfully utilize
subscription method
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Had over 10 million users at
its peak
Massive Multiplayer Online
Role Playing Games
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Halo released in 2001
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Adapted FPS style to
MMORP
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Spawned five sequels,
movies and TV series
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Franchise has sold over 65
million copies worldwide
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Grossed over $3.5 billion as
a franchise
The 7th Generation
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Generally refers to the advent of modern gaming
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Included HD graphics and video
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XBox 360 (2005)
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Wii (2006)
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Focused on casual gamers
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Has sold over 101 million consoles
PS3 (2006)
Video Gaming Today
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Handheld systems
started a trend to mobile
gaming
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Nintendo 3DS released in
2011
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2nd highest selling
console ever (154
million)
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More than Game Boy
(118.2)
Video Gaming Today
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Consoles face
competition from smart
phones and tablets
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Apple sold 58.6 Million
iPads in 2012
Current generation
consoles have become
multimedia entertainment
portals
Video Gaming Today
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E-Sports
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Professional gaming began
in 1980s
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Took on a new dimension in
mid 2000 with 2006
Worldwide Webgames
Championship, which offered
first $1 million prize
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Twitch stream of 2013
League of Legends
Championship had 4.5
million viewers
Top 5 Games of All-Time
* This is a dynamic list, changing perhaps daily and was valid on the day this
presentation was prepared (2/19/22). See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_bestselling_video_games
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1MINECRAFT-238,000,000[b] Sandbox, Survival Multi-platform[c]
November 18, 2011[d] Mojang Studios Xbox Game Studios [4][5]
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2 Grand Theft Auto V 160,000,000 Action-adventure Multi-platform
September 17, 2013 Rockstar North Rockstar Games [6]
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3 Tetris (EA) 100,000,000 Puzzle Multi-platform[e] September 12,
2006 EA Mobile Electronic Arts [7][8]
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4 Wii Sports 82,900,000 Sports simulation Wii November 19, 2006
Nintendo EAD Nintendo [9]
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5 PUBG: Battlegrounds 75,000,000 Battle royale Multi-platform
December 20, 2017 PUBG Corporation PUBG Corporation
2021 Video Game Sales
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1-Call of Duty: Vanguard (Activision Blizzard)
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2-Call of Duty: Black Ops: Cold War (Activision Blizzard)
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3-Madden NFL 22 (EA)
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4-Pokemon: Brilliant Diamond/Shining Pearl* (Nintendo)
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5 Battlefield 2042 (EA)
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* (Game Sales [$60.4 billion] and Income reflected by
tournament earnings confusingly reflect 2 different figures.
Dota 2 realized the most tournament earnings with
$47,760,560.77)
REFLECTION: What will the
next generation of consoles
do?
The Future of Video Games
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No major technological innovations in last 10 years
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Recent fads like virtual reality have yet to realize possible
potential
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Even as new consoles (PS5, Xbox 2) have hit the
market, their replacement generation is in development
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49% of US population did not play a video game in the
last 12 months
Video Gaming Today
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Video games are a $60.4 billion industry in America
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Average American spends roughly 30 minutes a day
playing video
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55% male/45% female
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28% are 18 or younger; 29% 18-35; 20% 36-49; 23% 50plus

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