**** Please pay close attention to Citation Directions, Thanks!

General Instructions:

Essays must be 4-5 pages in length (at least four full pages), typed, double-spaced, and in 12-point font in Times New Roman or Arial. Except for online and printed sources assigned by the instructor, no other web or printed sources should be used (e.g., Wikipedia). Please type your name at the top of the first page. Essays must be submitted electronically through Canvas no later than the due date indicated on the syllabus. Any assignment submitted after the due date will have two points deducted for each day it is late.

Citation Guidelines:

Since you are using only in-class source materials for essay assignments, you do not have to include a bibliography or works cited page. Use parenthetical citations to reference your sources. Parenthetical citations should be placed at the end of the sentence or passage in which the source material is cited. After the first full citation of a source, you may shorten the title of the document and use the author’s last name in subsequent citations, as indicated below. Lecture material must be cited, too.

Printed textbook: (William J. Duiker and Jackson J. Spielvogel, World History, vol. 1, 100)

(Duiker, World History, 100)

OER textbook: (Eugene Berger et al., World History: Cultures, States, and Societies to 1500, 75)

(Berger, World History, 75)

Lecture material: (Lauren Madak, ?Ancient Greece,? PowerPoint Presentation)

(Madak, ?Ancient Greece?)

Assignment Question:

Using lecture material, the printed textbook (Chapter 4), and the OER textbook (Chapter 5), answer the following question: What were the most important political, intellectual, and/or cultural (i.e., art, literature, drama, etc.) contributions of Classical Athens?

China and East Asia to the Ming Dynasty
George L. Israel

4.1CHRONOLOGY
China
8000 ? 2000 BCE Neolithic Cultures in China 5000 ? 3000 BCE Yangshao Culture
3000 ? 1900 BCE Longshan Culture
c. 1900 ? 1600 BCE Xia Dynasty
c. 1600 ? 1046 BCE Shang Dynasty 1045 ? 256 BCE Zhou Dynasty
1045 ? 771 BCE Western Zhou
770 ? 256 BCE Eastern Zhou
551 ? 479 BCE Confucius
475 ? 221 BCE Warring States Period 221 ? 210 BCE Qin Dynasty
221 ? 210 BCE First Emperor of Qin 202 BCE ? 220 CE Han Dynasty
141 ? 87 BCE Emperor Wu 220 ? 589 CE Period of Division
220 ? 280 CE Three Kingdoms Period 155 ? 220 CE Cao Cao
265 ? 317 CE Western Jin
317 ? 589 CE Northern and Southern Dynasties 581 ? 618 CE Sui Dynasty
618 ? 907 CE Tang Dynasty
960 ? 1279 CE Song Dynasty
1271 ? 1368 CE Yuan Dynasty
1215 ? 1294 CE Kublai Khan
1368 ? 1644 CE Ming Dynasty

Korea
c. 400 BCE ? 313 CE Early Historical Period 313 ? 668 CE Three Kingdoms
c. 37 BCE ? 668 CE Goguryeo Dynasty 668 ? 892 CE Silla Dynasty

Japan
11,000 ? 500 BCE Jomon Period
500 BCE ? 250 CE Yayoi Period
250 ? 600 CE Mounded Tomb Period
600 ? 800 CE Asuka-Nara Period

4.2INTRODUCTION
In 1974, farmers digging a well in a field located in north- west China uncovered frag- ments of a clay figurine. Little did they know, they had chanced upon what has turned out to be one of the most fascinating ar- chaeological discoveries of the twentieth century. Subsequent excavation revealed that be- neath the fragment lay a mas- sive underground pit filled with over seven thousand terracot- ta figurines modeling archers, infantrymen, and charioteers. Another pit contained terra- cotta cavalry and infantry units that likely composed a military guard, while a third one con- tained high ranking oMcers and war chariots in what was
perhaps a command post. These three pits are part of a much larger complex of underground vaults spread across twenty-two square miles. Most importantly, a large, forested burial mound towers over the neighboring fields containing these underground armies. This is where the First Emperor of Qin [cheen] was buried after he died in 210 BCE. Although it hasn?t yet been excavated, experts believe the tomb is a microcosm of the emperor?s palace, capital city, and empire. The pits, then, contained the