Broadening Traditional Views on Intelligence and Intelligence Testing

Discussion 1

Step 1: Please watch the following Ted Talk by Robert “Bob” Sternberg, the theorist who conceptualized the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otlmKZeNi-U (Video runs 11:32, opens in new tab)

Step 2: Watch the following vignette on Kim Peek, who is a person diagnosed as a savant that demonstrates calendar counting and other rare abilities: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z0lVdxXTANA (Video runs 7:56, opens in new tab)

Step 3: Integrating what you learned from the textbook readings and watching the videos, please thoroughly respond to the following questions, integrating relevant content from the readings.
· Traditional Intelligence Tests tend to measure logical and analytical reasoning. The field of psychology tends to disagree regarding how intelligence should be defined. With this in mind, compose and present your own thorough and thoughtful definition of intelligence.
· According to research studies, IQ and other standardized tests, such as the SAT and ACT, tend to measure logical and analytical reasoning skills. In your opinion, do you feel that we place too much emphasis on these tests to predict success? Explain your opinion based on your readings and how the results of these types of tests are used.
· Next, please click on the following link and take one of the tests based on Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences: Inventory of Multiple Intelligences (webpage, opens in new tab). Describe your findings regarding your top three intelligences, and explain the extent to which you agree or disagree with the results.

Module 8 Self-Reflection

ASSIGNMENT 1

The purpose of this assignment is to explore anger expression and also to explore locus of control.
Learning Objectives: 3d, 4a, and 4b
For this assignment, you will take two brief, online measurements. Because they are online measurements, please do not read deeply into the results. Instead, online measurements are quick “estimates” with limited statistical validity and limited statistical reliability.

Anger and Anger Management

Step 1: Click on and complete the Anger Test by answering and scoring the questions.

Step 2: Thoughtfully answer the following questions related to the Anger test you completed:
· Explain your results.
· Describe the ways in which you tend to express anger. Integrate at least *two* concepts from the assigned readings. (Textbook 8.3 addresses culture and emotion.)
· Discuss at least *three* effective coping strategies you either implement or plan to implement when you experience a high level of anger (anger reactive response) or avoid experiencing anger, even when anger is warranted (anger avoidant response).

Internal or External Locus of Control

In 1984, Julian Rotter set forth his Expectancy Theory, which suggests that learning creates thoughts or “expectancies” that guide our behavior. Furthermore, our “expectancies” are also influenced by how rewards and punishments are controlled.
If you believe that expectancies are controlled by your own efforts, then you have an
internal
locus of control. In other words, your own effort controls the outcome of a situation. “I did well because I studied hard” reflects an internal locus of control.
If you tend to believe that rewards or punishments are controlled by factors external of you, such as luck, then you are demonstrating an
external
locus of control. In other words, you attribute outcomes to situations from which you have no control. “I did well because I got lucky” reflects an external locus of control.
You can have a combination of both, especially in different situations. However, our thinking tends to be dominated by one or the other.

Step 3: Click on and complete the Locus of Control Test.
You will see a prompt to allow “Scripted Windows,” which you can temporarily allow. Scores range from 0 – 13. A high score indicates an external locus of control, and a low score indicates an internal locus of control.

Alternate Scoring Method: If your test did not score your responses, it will display “NaN” in the area that should display your score. If this occurs, you can either launch a different web browser and copy/paste the url for the test and take the test. If that does not work, please click the following to score your Locus of Control Test: Alternative Scoring Method.

Step 4: Thoughtfully answer the following questions related to the Locus of Control test you completed:
· Explain your results, including if you have an internal or an external locus of control.
· How might your locus of control be affecting your life, personally and academically?
· What are the strengths and weaknesses of an internal locus of control?
· What are the strengths and weaknesses of an external locus of control?
· Explain at least one situation in which you tend to display an internal locus of control.
· Explain at least one situation in which you tend to display an external locus of control.

Parenting Styles

DISCUSSION 2

Step 1: Review the following chart, which provides a quick review of the three main parenting styles:

Permissive Parents

Low control; Ambivalent responsiveness

Makes few demands; submits to the wishes of children

Authoritarian Parents

High control; Low responsiveness

Dictates rules; expects obedience

Authoritative Parents

High control; High responsiveness

Sets and enforces fair and reasonable rules; discusses reasoning for rules with children

Step 2: Next, please watch the following Ted Talk: Changing Roles of Parents.

Step 3: The purpose of this discussion is first to reflect on the parenting style(s) of your caregiver(s), thinking through the effects the style(s) had on your own development. Though you do not submit this information to the discussion forum, thinking through the style(s) of your own caregiver(s) is often a relevant first step. After the self-reflection, please compose and post your answers to the following questions:
· Describe the style of parenting you most value and explain why. In your description and explanation, integrate relevant content based on the assigned readings.
· Go to SPC’s online library, Monitor on Psychology, or another credible source to search for and select at least one article that describes the parenting style you most value, including strategies on how to implement that parenting style. Summarize the article, using APA style for in-text citations, and include at least *three* relevant strategies on how to implement the parenting style you most value.
· Based on the research presented in the assigned readings, explain the effects on children from the parenting style you most value. If you include additional research, use APA style for your in-text citations. Here is the link for assistance: https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/in_text_citations_the_basics.html.
· Create a reference page titled References. Use APA style for your citations. Here is the link for assistance: https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/reference_list_author_authors.html.

Personality Tests and Analysis

ASSIGNMENT 2

For this written assignment, you will explore your own personality by taking two *free* internet personality tests.

Overview of the Jung Typology Test

The first personality test is called the Jung Typology Test. This test measures four trait domains:
1. How we interact with our world (the continuum with introversion on one side and extroversion on the other).
2. How we process information (the continuum with sensing on one end and intuitive on the other). Sensors are data driven and those that “intuit” tend to see the “big picture.”
3. How we make decisions (the continuum of thinking on one side and feeling on the other).
4. How we plan our day (the continuum of judging on one side and perceiving on the other). Judging in this context means planned and structured, and perceiving in this context means free-flowing and flexible.

Step 1: Take the Jung Typology Test at the following link: http://www.humanmetrics.com/cgi-win/JTypes1.htm.

Write a thoughtful one or two paragraph essay that addresses the following:

· Briefly summarize your personality test results. Do not copy/paste the results from the personality test; instead, summarize your results in your own words.
· Explain the ways in which you agree or disagree with the results. Next, think of someone that knows you well. Explain the ways in which he or she would agree or disagree with your results.

Overview of the Five-Factor Module of Personality, also called the “Big Five”

First, watch the following Ted Talk: https://www.ted.com/talks/brian_little_who_are_you_really_the_puzzle_of_personality.
In the corporate world, research is done to pinpoint certain trait profiles that will result in a successful employee. Companies often give inventories when hiring, like a personality analysis based on the Five-Factor Model of Personality, commonly known as “Big-Five, which measures five core trait domains.
1. Openness to experience/intellect: Are you eager to try new experiences and ideas, or are you more comfortable having experiences stay the same most of the time?
2. Conscientiousness: How organized of a person are you? Are you a reliable person, or are you generally careless with your actions?
3. Extraversion: Are you a social person who feels “recharged” when interacting with other people, or are you a quiet, more reserved person who prefers solitude?
4. Agreeableness: Would you say you are a compassionate, forgiving, and understanding person, or do you tend to be more critical and blunt to people?
5. Neuroticism: Are you someone who is nervous, anxious, and worries about the future, or are you calm and hard to fluster?

Step 2: Take the “Big Five” at the following link: http://www.outofservice.com/bigfive/.

Write a thoughtful one or two paragraph essay that addresses the following:

· Summarize your results from the “Big Five.” Do not copy/paste the results from the personality test; instead, summarize your results in your own words.
· From the perspective of an employer, explain what they may conclude, based on your results, regarding whether or not you would be a successful employee.
· Based on your results, identify one area you might like to improve. Explain what strategies you might use to implement the improvement?

In-Group, Out-Group Biases

Discussion 3

The purpose of this discussion is apply concepts in social psychology to explain why people tend to change in certain social environments.

Step 1: Click on and read “The Stanford Prison Experiment.”

Step 2: Based on your readings, prior knowledge, and additional web research, compose a post that responds to the following:
· Based on this module’s readings, select at least *two* concepts in social psychology and explain how the dynamics associated with both concepts influenced the participants in the Stanford Prison Experiment.
· Describe the correctional system (prison or jail system) in your country-of-origin. Conduct web research to include relevant statistics. Include the link(s) from your source(s).
· Make at least *two* practical, realistic recommendations on ways to potentially improve the correctional system in your country-of-origin. Your recommendations must have minimal-to-no costs associated with it. When you explain your recommendations, integrate relevant content from the assigned readings.

Case Study

ASSIGNMENT 3

Step 1: Carefully read the following brief case study.

Bernice was hesitant during her initial counseling session because she feared what the therapist would think of her. The therapist focused on building a therapeutic alliance with Bernice by engaging in empathic, nonjudgmental listening. Soon, Bernice shared that she feared contamination. She was particularly upset by touching wood, mail, and canned goods. She also disliked touching silver flecks. By silver flecks, Bernice meant silver embossing on greeting cards, eyeglass frames, shiny appliances, and silverware. She was unable to state why these particular objects were special sources of possible contamination. Bernice became more distressed during the session, and she started sharing what made her come for counseling. Bernice shared that disturbing images pop in her mind, and the images are mind’s eye pictures of her “worst fear.” The images are so disturbing to Bernice that she showed marked distress when talking about them. She explained that the images were in regards to her child, “The person I love most in the world and would do anything to protect.”

Bernice explained that she feels compelled to do specific behaviors to try to reduce her distress. Bernice engages in a variety of rituals that, when taken together, take up much of her day. In the morning, she spends hours washing and rewashing. Between each bath she has to scrape away the outer layer of her bar of soap so that it will be free of germs. Bernice said that although the decontamination rituals are tiresome, the rituals she does to protect her child from harm are so detailed that Bernice has to repeat them several times to get them “right.” She said that she feels a sense of urgency to do the rituals perfectly to protect her child.

Step 2: Based on the Bernice Case Study, identify the most relevant psychological disorder associated with her symptoms and explain your rationale.
(Hint: Bernice does *not* have a specific phobia; she does not have “fear of germs.”)

Step 3: In your own words, explain what you have learned from the assigned readings about the psychological disorder you identified for the Bernice Case Study.

Step 4: You will need to select at least *one* academic journal article that explains one treatment approach used for the psychological disorder you identified for the Bernice Case Study. To conduct your research on the treatment approach, please use one of the following methods:
· You can search the following: Monitor on Psychology (webpage, opens in a new tab). In the search box, type the disorder you identified. Then, you can locate an article about a treatment approach.
· You can also search the PsychArticles Database, which you can access using the following steps. First click on: SPC’s LibraryOnline (webpage, opens in a new tab). Then, click “Search Online.” Next, click “Databases by Subject.” Next to “Social Sciences,” click PsychArticles. In the search box, type the disorder you identified. Then, you can locate an article about a treatment approach.
· You can also search Google Scholar (webpage, opens in a new tab). Google Scholar only provides an abstract, which is a summary. After you locate an abstract on Google Scholar, you will need to locate the full article on SPC’s LibraryOnline (webpage, opens in a new tab).
In your own words, summarize the treatment approach you identified from the research you conducted. Please avoid quoting the academic journal; instead, describe the treatment approach with depth and in your own words. Use APA style for in-text and reference page citations.