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Week 5- Diseases of the Blood (Anemia)

Anemia is a condition whereby you cannot bind enough oxygen to adequately perfuse your body tissues. Select one of the anemic pathologies, below, and generate a post whereby your classmates can comment. You will also need to comment on two other posts to receive full credit.Regenerative anemia

Acute or chronic bleeding

Hemolytic anemia

Hereditary (hemoglobinopathy, enzymopathy, membrane-cytoskeletal defects)

Acquired (autoimmune, mechanical destruction, toxic-metabolic, drugs, infectious, PNH, hypersplenism)

Hypo-regenerative anemia

Bone marrow failure caused by stem cell pathology

Quantitative disorder

Selective: erythroblastopenia (pure red cell aplasia)

Global: aplastic anemia

Qualitative disorder (dysmyelopoiesis)

Inherited: hereditary dyserythropoiesis

Acquired: myelodysplasia

Bone marrow infiltration

Leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma

Solid tumors

Myelofibrosis

Thesaurismosis (Gaucher disease)

Inflammatory chronic diseases, microorganisms (Histoplasma, HIV)

Drugs, hypothyroidism, uremia

Erythropoietic factors deficiency

Iron

IDA

ACD

Cobalamin and folate

Megaloblastic anemia

Hormones: erythropoietin, thyroid hormones, androgens, steroids

The discussions are a great way to learn and exchange information with others in the class.  Students are asked to have their main post completed by end of day Thursday.

RANDAL’S POST:

HIV is a virus that is known to compromise the immune system of the individual infected with it. There are a few ways that one can contract HIV from another individual. Sexual activity is often the cause of someone being infected with the virus but in some cases, baby can be infected by mom during pregnancy, labor or feeding. If the mother is infected, baby may contract the virus via breast milk, while passing through the birth canal or while in utero, . Semen and vaginal fluids carry the virus and can transmit the virus to another individual. Even rectal fluids. The use of drugs is also a huge factor in the spread and contact of the virus. Symptoms of HIV may include fever, sore throat and fatigue. After which the virus will become asymptomatic until it has become AIDS. Once AIDS has set in, one may began to lose weight, have a fever, experience extreme fatigue, night sweats and recurrent infections due to the compromised immune system. There is no cure for HIV/AIDS, but it can be managed with medication that will suppress symptoms and lessen the chance of spread the virus to others. 

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiv-and-aids/causes/

ALEXANDRA’S POST:

IDA, or Iron Deficiency Anemia is a disease of the blood whereby low levels of iron in the blood make it difficult for adequate oxygen levels to bind to the red blood cells. The cause of this type of anemia is typically dietary, though genes can play a role in an individual's susceptibility to developing an iron deficiency. This form of anemia is treated with iron supplements or by improving the nutrition of the individual. Many foods bought at the grocery store are fortified with Iron and Vitamin D (a vitamin necessary for the absorption of iron into the body) to negate this commonplace form of malnutrition in Americans, such as orange juice, milk, and boxed cereals. Some of the symptoms of IDA include fatigue, dizziness, shortness of breath, and brittle nails. While a physician can run a simple blood test to check for an iron deficiency in someone suspected of having IDA, another sign visible to the naked eye is a pale pink membrane inside the lower eyelid. This is not necessarily indicative of an iron deficiency specifically, but of anemia in general as the blood is less oxygenated, and therefore not as red as it should be.

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