ASSESSMENT ASSIGNMENT
Africa was characterized as the Dark Continent meaning that it was disconnected from the world economy. During the period BEFORE European Exploration and Colonization, what was the relationship between the Africans of the interior and the rest of the Eastern Hemisphere?
INTRODUCTION
- Europeans may have thought that Africa had been disconnected from the world economy before their arrival. However, evidence shows that as early as ancient Egypt, Africa participated in global trade.
- Africans participated in Global Trade in the Eastern Hemisphere
- Through the Mediterranean Basin they traded with West Asia and Europe
- Through the Indian Ocean they traded with the Arabian peninsula, Indian sub-continent and its island Ceylon (Sri Lanka today), SouthEast Asia, and China
AFRICA IN THE WORLD ECONOMY
THE ANCIENT PERIOD 1500 BC—AD 300
- POWER POINT THE HISTORIC AFRICA THE ANCIENTS, AND MY FOUR POINTS IN THE DISCUSSION INCLUDE:
- GLOBALIZATION OF THE EASTERN HEMISPHERE
- INDIAN OCEAN TRADE:
- 1. 1500 BC
- COCOA YAMS, PLANTAINS AND BANANAS TRADED TO EAST AFRICA
- Plantains and Coco Yams from SE Asia enabled people to farm in the forest
- The language of Madagascar shows connection with Borneo
*
*
INDIAN OCEAN BASIN TRADE
ANCIENT PERIOD
AFRICA AND THE WORLD ECONOMY
- MY POINT IN THE DISCUSSION #2 and The Essay:
- GLOBALIZATION OF THE EASTERN HEMISPHERE
- The Nile River Valley that becomes Egypt was trading with the Indus, Tigris & Euphrates, and Hwang-Ho River Valleys by 1000 BC
- AFRICA CENTRAL TO GLOBAL TRADE BY 1000 BC
AFRICA AND THE WORLD ECONOMY
ANCIENT PERIOD 1500 BC—AD 300
- POWER POINT THE HISTORIC AFRICA THE ANCIENTS, AND MY FOUR POINT IN THE DISCUSSION INCLUDE:
- GLOBALIZATION OF THE EASTERN HEMISPHERE
- 2. 1000 BC: The Nile River Valley that becomes Egypt was trading with the Indus, Tigris & Euphrates, and Hwang-Ho River Valleys
- 3. 800 BC: The EMPIRE of CARTHAGE: Originally settled by the Berber speakers. The Phoenicians controlled the trade in the Mediterranean Sea Basin and set up a Trade Colony in 1200 BC in what is Now Tunisia called Carthage. Carthage became the Dominant Trade Empire in the Mediterranean Sea Basin even traveling into the Atlantic Ocean and trading with the British Isles. Defeated by the Romans who had to ADD a Navy to Conquer Carthage
*
MEDITERRANEAN SEA BASIN TRADE
AFRICA AND THE WORLD ECONOMY
ANCIENT PERIOD 1500 BC—AD 300
- POWER POINT THE HISTORIC AFRICA AND MY FOUR POINTS IN THE DISCUSSION INCLUDE:
- GLOBALIZATION OF THE EASTERN HEMISPHERE
- 4. c. 100 BC The Kingdom of Axum controlled the trade on the Red Sea before and after it controlled part of the Arabian peninsula.
- Trade to the Mediterranean Sea by way of the RED SEA making it a part of the Indian Ocean Trade
- Axum Taxed the ships traveling North from the Indian Ocean AND ships traveling South from the Mediterranean Sea
*
TRANS-SAHARN TRADE
Interior Trade into the Mediterranean Sea Basin
AFRICA AND THE WORLD ECONOMY MEDIEVAL PERIOD AD300—AD1400
- POWER POINTS UNDER HISTORIC AFRICA AND MY POINT SEVEN POINTS IN THE DISCUSSION INCLUDE
- TRADE IN THE MEDITERRANEAN BASIN:
- 1. AD 300 NORTH SOUTH GOLD-SALT TRADE: Products from the African forest and savanna reached the Mediterranean Sea Basin through the north south gold salt trade (AD300 Kingdom of Ghana trading with the Mediterranean) The Empires of Ghana, Mali, And Songhai TAXED the Camel Caravan Traders traveling South in Salt and traveling North in Gold.
- TRADE IN THE INDIAN OCEAN BASIN:
- 2. AD1000 GREAT ZIMBABWE EAST AFRICAN GOLD TRADE: The Gold Miners of Great Zimbabwe sold their gold into the Indian Ocean Trade through the coastal town of Sofola. It was then traded to the Largest City State KILWA and from there into the Indian Ocean Trade
- INTRODUCTION OF ISLAM TO AFRICA: SPREAD OF CULTURE THROUGH TRADE, MIGRATION, AND CONQUEST
- 3. AXUM: AD 622 Mohammed escapes assassination in Mecca and moves to Medina. To be even more Secure he sends a Colony of his supporters to AXUM where they intermarried with the Axumite women. This became the Muslim majority of the present-day country of Eritrea. MIGRATION
SPREAD OF ISLAM
AFRICA IN THE WORLD ECONOMY
MEDIEVAL PERIOD AD 300—AD 1400
- POWER POINTS UNDER HISTORIC AFRICA AND MY SEVEN POINTS IN THE DISCUSSION:
- 4. NORTH AFRICA AD 647: ARABS Conquer North Africa The conquest did NOT force Islam on the Berbers–Instead they Taxed anyone who was not a Muslim CONQUEST
- Many Berbers CONVERTED to avoid the TAX; The Muslims knew this was a false conversion–they weren't really interested in the adults; They were interested in all the Children who MUST now become “REAL” Muslims by attending Quranic Schools
- 5. WEST AFRICA AD 700s The Berbers carried Islam into WEST AFRICA through TRADE
*
AFRICA IN THE WORLD ECONOMY MEDIEVAL PERIOD AD 300—AD 1400
- 6. 1324-1325 EMPIRE OF MALI
- Mansa Kankan Musa makes his pilgrimage to Mecca and all the way there and back, he hands out gold to communities to build Mosques and Quranic Schools. This causes a 10 yr. reduction in the price of gold in the Mediterranean Sea Basin.
- It also Attracts the Attention of the Europeans to potential gold for coinage. They wanted to find the Empire to Mali to Conquer it and possess the gold
- Mansa Kankan Musa brought back Muslim Arab Clerics to teach a cadre of African Muslim to be Clerics at his Sankore University
*
AFRICA AND THE WORLD ECONOMY
MEDIEVAL PERIOD AD 300–1400
- POWER POINTS UNDER HISTORIC AFRICA AND MY SEVEN POINTS IN THE DISCUSSION:
- 7. EAST AFRICAN TRADING STATES:
- City states on the coast of East Africa
- The Muslim Contact (After AD 622) brings Islam to the east coast TRADE AND MIGRATION
- TRADE TO THE ARABIAN PENINSULA
- Trade and Culture moved across the Indian Ocean
- TRADE TO INDIA, CHINA, AND SE ASIA
*
INDIAN OCEAN BASIN TRADE
MEDIEVAL PERIOD
*
INDIAN OCEAN CULTURAL DIFFUSION
- EAST AFRICAN TRADE DIASPORA
- Monsoon Season limits times you can travel
- If you arrive in November you cannot return until April of the next year
- Many traders established homes on the African Coast and had African families
- The African Trader family traded with the Traders Arabian Or Indian Or Malysian Or Chinese family.
- This is called Trade Diaspora
CONCLUSION
