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Quality Planning

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Project Management

Chapter 14: Quality Planning

1

Quality Planning

Definition

Grade

Statistics

Control limits

Normal Distribution

Standard deviation

Quality Planning Tools

Measurement terminology

Tolerances

Defining and meeting client expectations

Quality Assurance

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Definition of Quality

Understand the quality levels expected

Ensure that the levels are met

This includes measuring

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Grades as a measure of quality

Pre-set standards

Octane rating for gasoline

Lumber graded for appearance, strength

Steel and other commodities

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Using statistics to measure and manage quality

Control limits

Upper and lower standards for allowable variation

Central limit theorem

Frequency distribution

Discrete math— “bins” –count the number of measurements that fall in each bin

Normal distribution– “bell-shaped curve”

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Measuring your products

Options:

Measure entire population

Sampling

Smaller amount of data to work with

Sometimes measuring destroys the sample

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Normal Distribution

Figure 18.2.2 One Sigma Range

Source: http://pm4id.org/10/1/

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Normal Distribution

Standard deviation

Calculate the mean (or average value) of all measurements

Subtract EACH measurement from the mean

Square EACH difference

Sum the values

Divide the sum by ( (number of values) – 1 )

Take the square root

Result can be thought of as the average difference

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

The 68-95-99.7 Rule

Figure 18.2.3 The 68-95-99.7 Rule

Source: http://pm4id.org/10/1/

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Sigma Levels

Figure 18.2.4 Meaning of Sigma Levels

Source: http://pm4id.org/10/1/

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Quality Plan

The quality plan specifies the control limits

Often written as the mean ± the acceptable variation

The size of the range is called the tolerance.

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Quality planning techniques

Cost-benefit analysis

Benchmarking

Experimentation design

Cost of quality

Control Charts

Cause and Effect diagrams

Histograms

Pareto diagram

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Quality Assurance

Process Analysis

ISO 9000 requires this

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Summary

Purpose of Quality Management:

Build confidence in clients that quality standards and procedures are being followed

Ensured by

Internal review of plan

Testing

Revising policies

External Review or audit

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

Questions?

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Chapter 14: Quality Planning

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