MN551 Unit 10 Final Exam/ MN 551 Unit 10 Final Exam (Latest Study Guide): Kaplan University
 
QUESTION 1. The unique clinical presentation of a three-month-old infant in the emergency department leads the care team to suspect botulism. Which of the following assessment questions posed to the parents is likely to be most useful in the differential diagnosis? (Points : 0.4)
 
“Have you ever given your child any honey or honey-containing products?”
 
       “Is there any family history of neuromuscular diseases?”
 
       “Has your baby ever been directly exposed to any chemical cleaning products?”
 
       “Is there any mold in your home that you know of?”
 
Question 2. 2. A nurse practitioner is providing care for a 68-year-old female whose anxiety disorder is significantly decreasing her quality of life. Which of the following pharmacologic therapies is most likely to benefit the woman? (Points : 0.4)
 
       A drug that influences gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
       A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
 
       An antipsychotic medication that blocks dopamine receptors
 
       An epinephrine and norepinephrine supplement
 
A 60 woman who is 11 years menopausal has presented to the emergency department stating “I haven’t had my period in years, but lately Ive been bleeding again
A 20 year old male has been diagnosed with testicular cancer and is seeking information
 
Question 3. 3. A 51-year-old has been admitted to a rehabilitation center after hospital treatment for an ischemic stroke. Which of the following aspects of the patient’s history would notbe considered to have contributed to his stroke? (Points : 0.4)
 
       He was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes eight years ago
 
       Elevated cholesterol
 
       Blood pressure that is normally 120/80 
 
       The patient is an African American Male
 
History of sickle cell anemia
 
Question 4. 4. Following a motor vehicle accident three months prior, a 20-year-old female who has been in a coma since her accident has now had her condition declared a persistent vegetative state. How can her care providers most accurately explain an aspect of her situation to her parents? (Points : 0.4)
 
       “Your daughter has lost all her cognitive functions as well as all her basic reflexes.”
 
       “Though she still goes through a cycle of sleeping and waking, her condition is unlikely to change.”
       “If you or the care team notice any spontaneous eye opening, then we will change our treatment plan.”
 
       “Your daughter’s condition is an unfortunate combination of total loss of consciousness with continuation of all other normal brain functions.”
 
 
Question 5. 5. A patient with a diagnosis of depression has been prescribed a medication that ultimately increases the levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin between neurons. Which of the following processes will accompany the actions of the neurotransmitter in her chemical synapses? (Points : 0.4)
 
       Two-way communication between neurons is permitted, in contrast to the one-way communication in electrical synapses.
 
       Communication between a neuron and the single neuron it is connected with will be facilitated.
 
       The neurotransmitter will cross gap junctions more readily.
 
       More serotonin molecules will cross the synaptic cleft and bond with postsynaptic receptors.
 
Question 6. 6. A nurse practitioner is assessing a 7-year-old boy who has been brought to the clinic by his mother, who is concerned about her son’s increasingly frequent, severe headaches. Which of the nurse’s following questions is least likely to yield data that will allow for a confirmation or ruling out of migraines as the cause of his problem? (Points : 0.4)
 
       “Does your son have a family history of migraines?”
 
       “When your son has a headache, does he ever have nausea and vomiting as well?”
 
       “Does your son have any food allergies that have been identified?”
 
       “Is your son generally pain free during the intervals between headaches?”
 
 
Question 7. 7. A 60-year-old male patient with a long history of back pain has had little success with a variety of analgesic regimens that his nurse practitioner has prescribed. He has recently been diagnosed formally with a chronic pain disorder. Which of the following teaching points about chronic pain would his nurse practitioner most likely emphasize to the patient? (Points : 0.4)
 
       “If your pain comes and goes, then we won’t characterize it as chronic, and it will require different treatment.”
 
       “You need to remind yourself that this is a purely physical phenomenon that requires physical treatment.”
 
       “Our challenge is to bring you relief but still treat the underlying back problem that your body is telling you about.”
 
“These pain signals your body is sending likely serve no real, useful, or protective function.”
 
Question 8. 8. Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes an aspect of the neurobiology of sleep? (Points : 0.4)
 
       The hypothalamus stimulates the anterior and posterior pituitary to modulate sleeping–waking cycles.
 
       The pituitary releases melatonin at predictable points in the circadian rhythm in order to facilitate sleep.
 
The reticular formation, thalamus, and cerebral cortex interact to integrate the sleep–wake cycle.
       Input from the retinas is interpreted by the cerebellum and contributes to maintenance of the circadian rhythm.
 
 
Question 9. 9. Following a spinal cord injury suffered in a motor vehicle accident, a 22-year-old male has lost fine motor function of his finger and thumb, but is still able to perform gross motor movements of his hand and arm. Which of the following components of his white matter has most likely been damaged? (Points : 0.4)
       The inner layer (archilayer)
 
       The middle layer (paleolayer)
 
The outer layer (neolayer)
       The reticular formation
 
 
Question 10. 10. A patient with a diagnosis of insomnia is surprised when his physician explains to him that his brain is still highly active during normal sleep. Which of the following statements best captures the character of brain activity during sleep? (Points : 0.4)
 
       “Fewer neurons in your brain are firing when you’re asleep, but they’re more synchronized than when you’re awake.”
       “While you’re obviously less aware of stimuli when you’re asleep, your brain is actually more active when you’re asleep than when you’re awake.”
 
       “There are four types of brain activity, and actually all of them occur at different stages of sleep.”
 
       “Your brain alternates between periods of activity and periods of inactivity when you’re asleep, and these correspond to your eye movement.”
 
 
 
 
Question 11. 11. A patient on an acute medicine unit of a hospital, with a diagnosis of small bowel obstruction, is complaining of intense, diffuse pain in her abdomen. Which of the following physiologic phenomena is most likely contributing to her complaint? (Points : 0.4)
Nociceptive afferents are conducting the sensation of pain along the cranial and spinal nerve pathways of the ANS.
 
       First-order neurons are inappropriately signaling pain to the dorsal root ganglion.
  The patient is experiencing neuropathic pain.
 The patient’s C fibers are conducting pain in the absence of damaged Ad fibers.
 
A newborn male has been diagnosed with hypospadias
A 20 year old male who is addicted to crystal methamphetamine has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of protein calorie malnutrition
 
A 40 yo male patient with multiple health problems has been diagnosed with a testosterone deficiency.
 
Question 12. 12. Which of the following factors is most responsible for the fact that prefrontal lobotomy is no longer a common treatment for mental illness? (Points : 0.4)
 
       Individuals treated by lobotomy have difficulty interpreting somatic, visual, and auditory information.
 
       Lobotomy inhibits the individual’s ability to add perception and meaning to sensory information.
 
       Severing connections between the brain and its prefrontal areas inhibits problem solving and results in a loss of ambition.
 
Loss of communication to and from the prefrontal cortex changes, but ultimately exacerbates, symptoms of mental illness.
 
 
Question 13. 13. After surviving an ischemic stroke, a 79-year-old male has demonstrated significant changes in his emotional behavior, with his family noting that he now experiences wide mood swings and exaggerated responses of empathy, anger, and sadness to situations. His care team would most likely attribute these responses to ischemic changes in which of the following brain structures?
 
       The man’s occipital lobe
       The patient’s temporal lobe in general and Wernicke area in particular
       The man’s parietal lobe
       The components of the patient’s limbic system
 
Question 14. 14. A woman with severe visual and auditory deficits is able to identify individuals by running her fingers lightly over their face. Which of the following sources is most likely to provide the input that allows for the woman’s ability? (Points : 0.4)
       Pacinian corpuscles
Ruffini end organs
Meissner corpuscles
       Free nerve endings
 
Question 15. 15. Which of the following individuals would be most likely to experience global ischemia to his or her brain? (Points : 0.4)
       A male patient who has just had an ischemic stroke confirmed by CT of his head
 
       A woman who has been admitted to the emergency department with a suspected intracranial bleed
 
A man who has entered cardiogenic shock following a severe myocardial infarction
 
       A woman who is being brought to the hospital by ambulance following suspected carbon monoxide poisoning related to a faulty portable heater
 
Question 16. 16. During a late-night study session, a pathophysiology student reaches out to turn the page of her textbook. Which of the following components of her nervous system has the highest level of control over her arm and hand action? (Points : 0.4)
Cerebelum Thalamus      Basal gangliaFrontal lobe
 
 
Question 17. 17.A 17-year-old female is suspected of having narcolepsy. Which of the following aspects of her medical history and sleep analysis would contribute to a confirmation of the diagnosis? (Points : 0.4)
       She repeatedly moves her large toe, ankle, and knee during sleep.
       She complains of a powerful urge to move her legs when in bed at night.
She has frequently awakened unable to move or speak.
       She believes that she experiences auditory hallucinations when she awakens.
 
       Her sleep latency is normally around 1 hour.
 
Question 18. 18. Which of the following phenomena constitutes a component of axonal transport? (Points : 0.4)
       Anterograde and retrograde axonal transport allow for the communication of nerve impulses between a neuron and the central nervous system (CNS).
 
Materials can be transported to the nerve terminal by either fast or slow components.
 
       The unidirectional nature of the axonal transport system protects the CNS against potential pathogens.
 
       Axonal transport facilitates the movement of electrical impulses but precludes the transport of molecular materials.
 
 
 
Question 19. 19. A 44-year-old female has been diagnosed with major depression. Which of the following neuroimaging findings is most congruent with the woman’s diagnosis? (Points : 0.4)
       Decreased brain activity in the pons and brain stem
 
       Reduced activity and gray matter volume in the prefrontal cortex
 
       Atrophy and decreased blood flow in the amygdala
       Enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles and reduction in frontal and temporal volumes
 
Question 20. 20. A nurse practitioner and social worker are facilitating a family meeting for the children and wife of a 79-year-old man who has been diagnosed with Alzheimer disease. What goal of treatment will the clinicians most likely prioritize in their interactions with the family? (Points : 0.4)
       Modest reversal of brain plaque formation and improved symptomatology through cholinesterase inhibitors
       Surgical treatment of the ischemic changes that underlie the manifestations of the man’s disease
The use of medications such as donepezil and rivastigmine to slow the progression of the disease
       Cognitive and behavioral therapy to counteract the agitation, depression, and suspiciousness associated with Alzheimer disease.
 
 
Question 21. 21. A nurse practitioner is providing care for a 40-year-old male who is experiencing chronic insomnia in recent months while going through a divorce and child custody proceedings. The man is requesting a prescription for “sleeping pills” to help him through this time. Which of the following statements forms a valid basis for the nurse practitioner’s plan for treatment? (Points : 0.4)
 
   Sedative and hypnotic drugs will not provide safe relief of the man’s health problem.
       The man is suffering from primary insomnia.
       Melatonin supplements will be the safest and most effective long-term pharmacological treatment.
       Behavioral therapies, counseling, and education may be of some use to the patient.
 
Question 22. 22. The parents of a 15-year-old boy are frustrated by his persistent inability to fall asleep at a reasonable hour at night, as well as the extreme difficulty that they have in rousing him in the morning. While sleepy after waking, the son claims not to feel drowsy after lunch or in the evening. What is the most likely classification of the boy’s sleep disorder? (Points : 0.4)
Delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS)
       Non–24-hour sleep–wake syndrome
       Advanced sleep phase syndrome (ASPS)
       Chronic insomnia
 
Question 23. 23. A clinician is conducting an assessment of a male patient suspected of having a disorder of motor function. Which of the following assessment findings would suggest a possible upper motor neuron (UMN) lesion? (Points : 0.4)
       The patient has decreased deep tendon reflexes.
 
The patient displays increased muscle tone.
       The patient’s muscles appear atrophied.
       The patient displays weakness in the distal portions of his limbs.
 
Question 24. 24. A student is feeling inside her backpack to find her mobile phone, which has fallen to the bottom, and there are a number of items in the bag in addition to the phone. Which of the following components of somatosensory conduction is most likely to provide the detailed sensory information that will help her distinguish her phone from other items? (Points : 0.4)
 
The primary dorsal root ganglion neuron, the dorsal column neuron, and the thalamic neuron
       A slow-conducting pathway that projects into the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus
 
       The opposite anterolateral pathway that travels to the reticular activating system
       A bilateral, multisynaptic, slow-conducting tract
 
Question 25. 25. A 48-year-old male has a new diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Which of the following processes underlies the deficits that accompany the degeneration of myelin in his peripheral nervous system (PNS)? (Points : 0.4)
       The destruction of myelin causes fewer Schwann cells to be produced in the patient’s PNS.
       The axonal transport system is compromised by the lack of myelin surrounding nerve cells.
       Nerve cells lack insulation and impulse conduction is compromised by the destruction of myelin.
       A deficit of myelin predisposes the patient to infection by potential pathogens.
 
 
 
 
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1. Following a long history of fatigue, weakness, and poor appetite, a 39-year-old male has been diagnosed with hypopituitarism. Which of the following clinical findings would most likely cause his care team to suspect that the man has an additional endocrine disorder from a different source? (Points : 2)
 
       The man has a low sperm count and has been unable to have children.
 
The man has a chronic platelet deficiency and is occasionally anemic.
       The patient is 5 feet 2 inches tall and was consistently short for his age as a child.
       The man displays the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism.
 
 
 
Question 2. 2. A 79-year-old male resident of a long-term care facility has contracted Clostridium difficile and is experiencing consequent diarrhea. Auscultation of the man’s abdomen indicates hyperactive bowel sounds. What processes in the man’s small intestine are most likely accompanying his current status? (Points : 2)
       Pathogenic microorganisms are causing dilation of his small intestine, increasing motility.
       Segmentation waves have become more frequent as a result of his infection.
       Intestinal stasis brought on by infection is preventing his small intestine from sufficiently slowing the rate of motility.
       Inflammation is accompanied by an increase in peristaltic movements of his small intestine.
 
A 71 year old man has visited his nurse practitioner for a check up during which the nurse practitioner has initiated a discussion about the patient’s sexual function.
 
Question 3. 3. A 51-year-old male professional is in the habit of consuming six to eight rum and cokes each evening after work. He assures the nurse practitioner, who is performing his regular physical exam, that his drinking is under control and does not have negative implications for his work or family life. How could the nurse best respond to the patient’s statement? (Points : 2)
 
       “You are more than likely inflicting damage on your liver, but this damage would cease as soon as you quit drinking.
       “That may be the case, but you are still creating a high risk of hepatitis A or B or liver cancer.”
       “In spite of that, the amount of alcohol you are drinking is likely to result first in cirrhosis and, if you continue, in hepatitis or fatty liver changes.”
       “When your body has to regularly break down that much alcohol, your blood and the functional cells in your liver accumulate a lot of potentially damaging toxic byproducts.”The hepatic effects of alcohol use are related to the accumulation of toxic metabolites in the hepatocytes and blood. Damage can continue even after an individual stops drinking
 
Question 4. 4. A nurse practitioner is assessing a 7-year-old boy who has been brought to the clinic by his mother, who is concerned about her son’s increasingly frequent, severe headaches. Which of the nurse’s following questions is least likely to yield data that will allow for a confirmation or ruling out of migraines as the cause of his problem? (Points : 2)
       “Does your son have a family history of migraines?
       “When your son has a headache, does he ever have nausea and vomiting as well?”
       “Does your son have any food allergies that have been identified?”
       “Is your son generally pain free during the intervals between headaches?”
 
Question 5. 5. A 51-year-old woman who has been receiving estrogen and progesterone therapy (EPT) for the last 5 years has visited her care provider because her peers have told her about the risks of heart disease, stroke, and breast cancer that could accompany hormone therapy (HT). How should her care provider respond to her concerns? (Points : 2)
       “There is a demonstrable increase in breast cancer risk with HT, but the risk of stroke or heart disease actually goes down slightly.”
       “All things considered, the benefits of HT outweigh the slightly increased risks of heart disease, stroke, or breast cancer.”
 
       “HT is actually associated with a decrease in heart disease risk, but there is an increase in stroke risk; the breast cancer connection is still unclear.”
       “There’s in fact a slight protective effect against stroke associated with HT, but this is partially offset by increased rates of heart disease and breast cancer.”
 
Question 6. 6.Chronic anxiety and stress contribute to ulcers. Which of the following effects of the sympathetic nervous system is most responsible for this effect?
  Inhibition of the actions of Brunner glandsBrunner glands, which produce large amounts of alkaline mucus that protects the duodenum from acid and digestive enzymes, are strongly affected by sympathetic stimulation, which causes a marked decrease in mucus production. Where the stomach contents and secretions from the liver and pancreas enter the duodenum, deficiency of mucus can cause irritation and, potentially, ulcers.
       Overstimulation of the oxyntic glands
 Suppression of cholecystokinin
       Inflammation of the parotid glands
 
Question 7. 7. Following a motor vehicle accident three months prior, a 20-year-old female who has been in a coma since her accident has now had her condition declared a persistent vegetative state. How can her care providers most accurately explain an aspect of her situation to her parents?
       “Your daughter has lost all her cognitive functions as well as all her basic reflexes.”
       “Though she still goes through a cycle of sleeping and waking, her condition is unlikely to change.”
 
       “If you or the care team notice any spontaneous eye opening, then we will change our treatment plan.”
 
       “Your daughter’s condition is an unfortunate combination of total loss of consciousness with continuation of all other normal brain functions.”
 
 
 
Question 8. 8. A 13-year-old female is undergoing rapid development of her breasts after experiencing menarche several months ago. Which of the following hormones are NOT active in the development of her breasts? (Points : 2)
       Prolactin
Oxytocin
       Estrogen
       Follicle-stimulating hormone
 Progesterone
 
 
Question 9. 9. After surviving an ischemic stroke, a 79-year-old male has demonstrated significant changes in his emotional behavior, with his family noting that he now experiences wide mood swings and exaggerated responses of empathy, anger, and sadness to situations. His care team would most likely attribute these responses to ischemic changes in which of the following brain structures?
       The man’s occipital lobe
       The patient’s temporal lobe in general and Wernicke area in particular
 The man’s parietal lobe
The components of the patient’s limbic system
 
 
Question 10. 10. A 29-year-old woman has been trying for many months to become pregnant, and fertilization has just occurred following her most recent ovulation. What process will now occur that will differentiate this ovulatory cycle from those prior? (Points : 2)
       Human chorionic gonadotropin will be produced, preventing luteal regression.
       The remaining primary follicles will provide hormonal support for the first 3 months of pregnancy.
       The corpus luteum will atrophy and be replaced by corpus albicans.
       The basal layer of the endometrium will be sloughed in preparation for implantation.
 
Question 11. 11. A patient with a history of an endocrine disorder exhibits signs and symptoms of hormone deficiency. Which of the following processes would the patient’s care team most likely rule out first as a contributing factor? (Points : 2)
       The patient’s target cells lack sufficient receptors for the hormone in question.
       Hormone production is sufficient, but affinity on the part of the target cells is lacking.
       The process of down-regulation has resulted in decreased hormone sensitivity.
       Up-regulation has increased the sensitivity of the body to particular hormone levels.
 
 
Question 12. 12. John presents to the clinic with complaints of scrotal heaviness. Your assessment reveals swelling of the testicle and warm scrotal skin. What would your diagnosis be? (Points : 2)
       Cryptorchidism
Orchitis
       Testicular torsion
Epididymitis
 
Question 13. 13. The parents of a 15-year-old boy are frustrated by his persistent inability to fall asleep at a reasonable hour at night, as well as the extreme difficulty that they have in rousing him in the morning. While sleepy after waking, the son claims not to feel drowsy after lunch or in the evening. What is the most likely classification of the boy’s sleep disorder? (Points : 2)
Delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS)
Non–24-hour sleep–wake syndrome
       Advanced sleep phase syndrome (ASPS)
       Chronic insomnia
 
 
Question 14. 14.Following the identification of low levels of T3 and T4 coupled with the presence of a goiter, a 28-year-old female has been diagnosed with Hashimoto thyroiditis. In light of this diagnosis, which of the following assessment results would constitute an unexpected finding? (Points : 2)
       The presence of myxedema in the woman’s face and extremities
       Recent weight gain despite a loss of appetite and chronic fatigue
       Coarse, dry skin and hair with decreased sweat production
       Increased white cell count and audible crackles on chest auscultation
 
 
Question 15. 15. Following a spinal cord injury suffered in a motor vehicle accident, a 22-year-old male has lost fine motor function of his finger and thumb, but is still able to perform gross motor movements of his hand and arm. Which of the following components of his white matter has most likely been damaged?
   The inner layer (archilayer)
  The middle layer (paleolayer)
 The outer layer (neolayer)
       The reticular formation
 
Question 16. 16. An 11-year-old boy with skin lesions characteristic of ringworm on his trunk has been brought to the family’s primary care provider by his mother. Which of the following aspects of the clinician’s assessment relates most directly to the suspected diagnosis?
       Previous infection with other parasitic worms
Potential contact with the fungus from pets or other children
       Allergic reactions to drugs and environmental substances
       The child’s infanthood immunization history
 
 
 
Question 17. 17. Which of the following women is most likely to have a sexually transmitted infection as a contributing factor to her health problem? (Points : 2)
       A 29-year-old woman with a diagnosis of localized vulvodynia
       A 40-year-old who is being treated for vaginal cancer
       A 32-year-old who is undergoing diagnostics to rule out endometriosi
       A 41-year-old with a diagnosis of mucopurulent cervicitis
 
 
Question 18. 18. Having heard positive reports of the benefits of HT from her sister-in-law and friends, a 49-year-old woman has presented to her nurse practitioner asking to start HT. Her uterus is intact and previous bone scans have indicated low bone density. The patient also has a family history of heart disease. She characterizes her symptoms of menopause as “noticeable, but not debilitating by any means.” Based on the most current research, what is her nurse practitioner’s best course of action?
       Begin estrogen-progesterone HT (EPT) to prevent future menopausal symptoms and coronary heart disease (CHD)
       Forgo HT in light of her preexisting low bone density and consequent risk of osteoporosis
Forgo HT but consider alternative therapies and reevaluate if her symptoms significantly affect her quality of life
       Begin low-dose HT but perform regular breast cancer screening and heart health checks
 
Question 19. 19. A 41-year-old woman has been diagnosed as having a loose body of cartilage in her left knee. What data would be most likely to lead clinicians to this conclusion? (Points : 2)
       A visible hematoma is present on the anterior portion of the knee.
       The woman experiences intermittent, painful locking of her jointThe loose body repeatedly gets caught in the crevice of a joint, pinching the underlying healthy cartilage.
tomography indicates a complete tear of her knee ligament.
       An X-ray shows that her femoral head and tibia are no longer articulated.
 
Question 20. 20. Which of the following situations would be considered pathologic in an otherwise healthy 30-year-old female?
       The woman’s ovaries are not producing new ova.
       The woman’s ovaries do not synthesize or secrete luteinizing hormone (LH).
       The epithelium covering the woman’s ovaries is broken during the time of ovulation.
       The woman’s ovaries are not producing progesterone.
 
Question 21. 21. A nurse practitioner is providing care for a 68-year-old female whose anxiety disorder is significantly decreasing her quality of life. Which of the following pharmacologic therapies is most likely to benefit the woman?
A drug that influences gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels
       A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
       An antipsychotic medication that blocks dopamine receptors
   An epinephrine and norepinephrine supplement
 
 
Question 22. 22. Following exposure to poison oak while camping, a 20-year-old male is experiencing pruritus as a consequence of his immune response to irritants in the plant. What physiologic process best accounts for his complaint? (Points : 2)
       His body is communicating a low-level pain response as a protective measure.
Free nerve endings are initiating an itch-specific signal to the somatosensory cortex
       Local irritation of Langerhans cells is sending signals by way of myelinated type C nerve fibers.
Ruffini corpuscles are transmitting the message of pruritis to the cerebral cortex.
 
Question 23. 23. A care aide at a long-term care facility has informed a resident’s nurse practitioner that the 80-year-old woman’s eyes appear to be inflamed and her eyelids are caked with sticky secretions. The woman subsequently has been diagnosed with posterior blepharitis. Which of the following treatments is the nurse practitioner likely to initiate? (Points : 2)
       Surgical repair of the woman’s blocked meibomian glands
 
       Warm compresses to be applied regularly to her eyes in addition to oral antibioticsTreatment of posterior blepharitis is determined by associated conjunctival and corneal changes. Initial therapies can include warm compressing of the lids and use of flaxseed or fish oil tablets to provide omega-3 fatty acid benefits to meibomian oil secretion
 
Regularly scheduled cleansing of the woman’s eyes with normal saline
 
       Intravenous steroids coupled with topical antibiotic ointment
 
Question 24. 24. Which of the following conditions usually improves when a woman is taking oral contraceptives?
 Human Papillomavirus infection
       Migraine headaches
       Iron deficiency anemia
       Herpes simplex virus
 
Question 25. 25. Which of the following patients on a hospital medical unit is most clearly demonstrating the signs and symptoms of liver failure? (Points : 2)
A 44-year-old man with low hemoglobin levels, low platelet levels, and spider angiomasAnemia, thrombocytopenia, and the presence of spider angiomas are characteristic of liver failure
       A 50-year-old woman with blood pressure of 189/103, jaundice, and multiple thromboses
 
       A 68-year-old female patient with sudden onset of confusion, a history of alcohol abuse, and low levels of serum AST and ALT
 
       A 55-year-old man with ascites, fever, and recent onset of atrial fibrillation
 
 
Question 26. 26. A 29-year-old woman has been diagnosed with otosclerosis after several years of progressive hearing loss. What pathophysiologic process has characterized her diagnosis? (Points : 2)
 New, sclerotic bone has been fo